Nestled in northern Tanzania near the border with Kenya, Lake Natron is situated northeast of the Ngorongoro Crater, with the dramatic Ol Doinyo Lengai volcano dominating the landscape to the south.

This expansive lake, measuring up to 56 kilometers in length and 22 kilometers in width, is primarily sustained by the Southern Ewaso Ng’iro River and mineral-rich hot springs. Due to the lake’s lack of an outlet, evaporation occurs at a high rate, resulting in the accumulation of natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) and trona (sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate).

The high concentration of these minerals renders the lake’s waters highly alkaline, making it one of the most inhospitable bodies of water on the planet. Despite its harsh environment, the surrounding area is strikingly unique, characterized by its otherworldly beauty and a surprising abundance of rare flora and fauna that have adapted to thrive in this extreme setting.

Despite its deadly waters, Lake Natron supports a unique ecosystem that offers captivating opportunities for nature enthusiasts and bird watchers alike.

The lake’s extreme environment has given rise to salt marshes and freshwater wetlands, creating a habitat for long-legged waterfowl. Within its waters, you can find two endemic fish species, Alcolapia latilabris and Alcolapia ndalalani. Additionally, Alcolapia alcalica is present at the lake, though this species is not endemic to the area.

Lake Natron’s most renowned inhabitants are the lesser flamingos. This lake is a critical breeding ground for these birds, with 75% of the world’s population of lesser flamingos born here. Every year, between August and October, vast numbers of these flamingos flock to the lake to lay their eggs, which then hatch during the wet season in November.

The surrounding landscape of Lake Natron is home to a variety of species that have adapted to thrive in its dry, dusty environment, including kudus, oryx, gerenuks, zebras, and ostriches. For those fortunate enough, there’s even a chance to spot a golden jackal.

While Lake Natron may not boast the same diversity of wildlife as the nearby national parks, it offers a unique and intriguing contrast—life flourishing on the edge of one of the planet’s most inhospitable bodies of water.